High-speed steel



IRVING R. VALENTINE, 0F FULTON, NEW YORK.

HIGH-SPEED STEEL.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, IRVING R. VALENTINE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Fulton, county of Oswego, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in High-Speed Steel, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to high speed steels particularly useful in the manufacture of metal working tools.

I have discovered that the addition of certain ingredients to steel in proportions hereinafter given results in a steel of unusual properties such as mineral hardness, red hardness and toughness, which remains with the steel notwithstanding high temperatures to which it may be subjected in use, such as for instance its use as a metal cutting tool.

The tools which I have manufactured and used show by the file test that they are considerably harder than the best available high speed steel which I have been able to secure. The tools made from my new steel have stood up under actual operating conditions much longer than the best available tool steel.

The actual ingredients in percentage which I have found to be desirable are as follows Tungsten 13. 4O Chromium 5. l0 Manganese 1. 13 Vanadium 1. 05- Carbon 75 From the foregoing it will be apparent that manganese is used in unusually large proportion.

The probable range of proportions of the above ingredients is according to my belief substantially as follows Tungsten 13 14 Chromium 5 5. 5 Manganese 1 1.25 Vanadium 1 1.25 Carbon .70- .80

When the ingredients are in the proper proportions in the steei, the same is treated in the usual way for manufacturing high speed steel, that is to say, the material is compounded and melted at a temperature approximately 1600 C., after which it is analyzed to see if the composition is proper. If the analysis shows that it. is not, suitable additions are made to get the proper Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented NOV. 11, 1919.

Application filed February 27, 1918. Serial No. 219,367.

proportions whereupon the material is poured forming ingots and these ingots are thereafter annealed at temperatures ranging from 7 85800 C. The ingots are then ground or polished and subsequently forged into tool bars at a temperature approximately 10001200 C. These bars are subsequently heated to approximately 1300 C. and quenched in oil. They are then drawn at a temperature of approximately 400 C. into the desired size and shape to make the finished stock.

I believe that the manganese being added in such relatively large proportions forms a eutectic mixture and also makes it possible to have a higher percentage of carbon and still have a steel which can be forged. I believe also that the presence of the manganese in such relatively large proportion makes the range of percentage of the other ingredients a comparatively narrow one.

Furthermore, I believe that if the per centage of manganese were increased materially beyond the range above indicated, it would act to somewhat soften the steel after quenching instead of hardening it.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A high speed steel containing more than several per cent. tungsten, not less than substantially 1% nor over substantially 1.3% of manganese and vanadium and carbon.

2. A high speed steel containing the following ingredients substantially within' the following percentages:

Tungsten 13 -14 Chromium 5 5. 5 Manganese 1 1.25 Vanadium 1 1. 25 Carbon 70- 80 3. A high speed steel containing the following ingredients in substantially the percentages given:

Tungsten 13. 40 Chromium 5. 10 Manganese 1. 13 Vanadium 1. 05 Carbon 75 4. A high speed tool in which the alloying elements consist exclusively of tungsten, chromium, vanadium and carbon and substantially 1.13% manganese.

also chromium,

A high speed tool containing about 13 about 13 to 14% tungsten, about 5% chroto 14% tungsten, not less than about 1% and mium, about 1% vanadium, less than 1% 10 not over about 1.25% manganese, and also carbon and manganese, in amounts not less chromium, vanadium and carbon. than 1% and not over about 1.25%.

6. A forgeable steel containing approxi- In testimony whereof, I have signed my mately 1.13% manganese, .75% carbon, and name to this specification. more than several per cent tungsten.

7. A steel consisting substantially of iron, IRVING R. VALENTINE. 

